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Decommissioning industrial facilities in Brazil poses challenges for ensuring safe and efficient shutdowns, considering risks like safety and health. Linking decommissioning with operational risk management methods can lead to resource savings, improved worker safety, assessment of future scenarios, and enhanced transparency among stakeholders. This study aims to compare Worker Health and Safety data using a decision analysis method developed by COPPE/UFRJ, to determine optimal decommissioning options for subsea installations. It utilizes data from SAFETEC Report and CNAE to analyze operational risks. In Brazil, worker safety faces unique challenges, and understanding effective decommissioning activities can guide future work and reduce risks for workers in this sector.
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Por:
Ricardo Bruno Félix Nunes, ricardo.nunes@pep.ufrj.br
Beatriz Bandeira dos Santos, biabandeira@pep.ufrj.br
Laís Bubach Carvalho Simão, lais.bubach@pep.ufrj.br
Eduardo Ribeiro Nicolosi, nicolosi@petrobras.com.br
Claudio Violante Ferreira, cviolante@petrobras.com.br
Marcelo Igor Lourenço de Souza, migor@lts.coppe.ufrj.br
Francisco José de Castro Moura Duarte, fjcmduarte@coppe.ufrj.b
O descomissionamento de sistemas submarinos de produção de óleo e gás apresenta diversos desafios, especialmente no que diz respeito à saúde ocupacional e à segurança dos trabalhadores envolvidos. Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia utilizada no Projeto de Descomissionamento de sistemas submarinos de plataformas, que propõe uma abordagem abrangente para a avaliação de riscos operacionais, atendendo ao Critério de Saúde Ocupacional e Segurança do Trabalhador (SSO), como parte de uma análise multicritério para definição das melhores alternativas para remoção, a fim de proporcionar um suporte robusto ao tomador de decisão. A metodologia se fundamenta em cinco subcritérios, que incluem a exposição a materiais tóxicos, a materiais radioativos naturais (NORM), a condições hiperbáricas, além da análise dos riscos de acidentes fatais e os impactos sobre outros usuários do mar. O critério saúde ocupacional e segurança do trabalhador tem papel importante no contexto do descomissionamento de sistemas submarinos de produção de óleo e gás, buscando garantir que os riscos sejam considerados durante a tomada de decisão.
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Por:
Beatriz Bandeira dos Santos
Ricardo Bruno Félix Nunes
Paula da Costa Tulio
Laís Bubach Carvalho Simão
Eduardo Ribeiro Nicolosi
Claudio Violante Ferreira
Marcelo Igor Lourenço de Souza
Francisco José de Castro Moura Duarte
A vida útil de muitas instalações offshore de produção de óleo e gás está chegando ao fim e o descomissionamento dos sistemas de produção enfrenta desafios acerca da desativação segura e eficiente das instalações industriais, considerando os riscos inerentes à saúde ocupacional e à segurança do trabalhador. Este estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Springer e Wiley Online Library e teve como objetivo identificar o que a literatura revela sobre a temática de saúde e segurança no descomissionamento offshore de produção de óleo e gás. Foram selecionados 11 artigos de um total de 270, categorizados em três grupos de análise: exposição ao risco; órgãos reguladores e legislação; e plano de segurança. A literatura ainda carece de informações detalhadas sobre a temática de saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores no descomissionamento offshore e a maioria dos artigos revisados estava concentrados em outros aspectos. A Ergonomia da Atividade, neste âmbito, se mostra significativa para o conhecimento do trabalho, visando o aprimoramento de metodologias de análise e a mitigação de riscos.
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Regardless of the economic activity, decommissioning decisions are often highly complex. This is due to the diversity of operational and local parameters, as well as the multitude of stakeholders involved, who generally have conflicting interests. This sets up a challenging multi-criteria decision problem on the activities to be carried out during the decommissioning process. This paper aims to present an overview of decision-support tools applied to decommissioning and covers many economic sectors, with a focus on the oil and gas sector and on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods. The paper delves deep into the aspects to be considered before reaching a decision, examining the experiences and methods found both in industrial reports and in academic papers.
This paper is motivated by decommissioning studies in the field of oil and gas, which comprise a very large number of installations and are of interest to a large number of stakeholders. Generally, the problem gives rise to complicated multi-criteria decision aid tools that rely upon the costly evaluation of multiple criteria for every piece of equipment. We propose the use of machine learning techniques to reduce the number of criteria by feature selection, thereby reducing the number of required evaluations and producing a simplified decision aid tool with no sacrifice in performance. In addition, we also propose the use of machine learning to explore the patterns of the multi-criteria decision aid tool in a training set. Hence, we predict the outcome of the analysis for the remaining pieces of equipment, effectively replacing the multi-criteria analysis by the computational intelligence acquired from running it in the training set. Computational experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
This paper presents legal contributions to the technical analysis of the decommissioning stages
of the oil industry. We seek to contribute to decision making based on multicriteria analysis about
the options for uninstalling specific equipment in the production chain: subsea equipment. The
objective is to demonstrate that there is legal predictability supported by the technical aspect for the
options that are possible in each case. The methodology used was the literary revision combined
with a national and international legislative analysis that allowed the presentation of the final conclusion.
The comparison between the international norms, as well as the Brazilian legislation, in particular,
the national solid waste policy demonstrated the legality of the application of a multicriteria
analysis to base the decisions by the companies, as well as the inspection agencies.
This paper proposes a novel approach that makes use of continuous-time Markov chains
and regret functions to find an appropriate compromise in the context of multicriteria decision
analysis (MCDA). This method was an innovation in the relationship between uncertainty and
decision parameters, and it allows for a much more robust sensitivity analysis. The proposed
approach avoids the drawbacks of arbitrary user-defined and method-specific parameters by defining transition rates that depend only upon the performances of the alternatives. This results in a flexible and easy-to-use tool that is completely transparent, reproducible, and easy to interpret. Furthermore, because it is based on Markov chains, the model allows for a seamless and innovative treatment of uncertainty. We apply the approach to an oil and gas decommissioning problem, which seeks a responsible manner in which to dismantle and deactivate production facilities. The experiments, which makeuseofpublished data on the decommissioning of the field of Brent, account for 12 criteria and illustrate the application of the proposed approach.
This article aims to identify national and international studies and practical experiences in the economic analysis related to subsea decommissioning, in order to identify the best alternatives applied to the Brazilian case. Since the country has a schedule of offshore structures to be decommissioned in the coming decades, studies are needed to support public policymakers by proposing sustainable strategies in line with international standards and practices. To this end, the methodology initially used a literature review based on bibliometric analysis, using scientific publications available on the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Lastly, the article highlights the importance of the multi-criteria analysis to define decommissioning alternatives considering not only economic results, but other perspectives, such as social, environmental, and waste. As the main results, the research identifies the lack of literature and the sectoral limitations of current best practices worldwide. The main reasons for those limitations are the disparity of projects and technological and regional characteristics, and consequently difficulties for costs measurements and benchmarking; lack of professional capabilities on sustainable subsea decommissioning, limited availability of studies, and fragmented regulatory approach on this matter.
The decommissioning of subsea equipment is a reality in Brazil and worldwide, highlighting the need for the development of decision-making methodologies for application in decommissioning projects. In Brazil, the volume of umbilicals and flexible pipes to be decommissioned in the future is huge, and an analysis of the best decommissioning alternative would be desirable. Based on a decision-making methodology developed by a COPPE/UFRJ research group, this work aims to present the technical criterion for the decommissioning decision-making process and a sensitivity analysis regarding the approach developed for this criterion. Among five different criteria, the proposed technical approach is composed of two sub-criteria – Complexity of Operations and Technological Risk – allowing us to assess the complexity of execution and operational activities of decommissioning alternatives and the technological risk associated with them. The decommissioning alternatives were divided into two groups – leave in situ and removal – and a total of six alternatives were considered in this study. The analyses developed show the influence of different parameters in the methodology results, emphasizing the robustness of the proposed methodology. Also, this work presents a preliminary indication for various decommissioning scenarios, varying combinations of water depth, structural integrity, cleaning status, and other factors. The results obtained in this work contribute to the consolidation of a robust methodology for the application and foundation of decision-making in decommissioning projects for flexible and umbilical lines.
